When Gifts Are Expensive Mistakes
We all love giving and receiving gifts, but promise me that if anyone tries to make a gift to you of a valuable asset—be it the title to your parents' house or your uncle's boatload of Warren Buffett's Berkhshire Hathaway stock—you'll try to get them to make it an inheritance that you'll receive from their trust. This will save you a ton of money in taxes. It can be a difficult conversation to have, but sitting down and talking to your parents and other relatives about all sorts of financial, estate, and aging issues is terribly important.
Here's the deal: When we transfer any asset—whether it's a house or a portfolio of stocks—the person who takes possession of it will need to declare a purchase price in order to sell it. This price is what's known as the cost basis, and it's what you use to determine the tax you owe. You pay tax on the difference between the cost basis and the sale price.
If the asset was given to you as a gift, you're out of luck. That's because the IRS says your cost basis is whatever the person giving you the gift paid for the asset, even if they bought if 30 years ago. This is why the husband of the woman on this page, who received stock as a gift from his grandfather, is facing a huge tax burden. If Grandpa paid $30,000 for the stock and it was worth $2 million when he gave it to his grandson, the IRS rules say that the grandson's cost basis is $30,000, not $2 million. When the grandson sells the stock, he owes tax on $1.97 million—the difference between the current price and the cost basis. Ouch!
The far better move would be for Grandpa to put the asset in a revocable living trust that names the grandson as the beneficiary. That means that when Grandpa passes away, the grandson takes possession of the asset. And the grandson's cost basis is the value of the asset on the day his grandpa died. This is what known as a "step up" in the cost basis. The grandson doesn't have to worry about how much was originally paid for the stock. Instead he inherits the assets at a cost basis of $2 million. If he sells the assets for $2 million, he would owe absolutely nothing in tax.
Here's the bottom line: Your family wants to do what's best for you. And you want to do what's best for them. So if they're intent on giving a gift, make it cash. For appreciable assets such as stocks or real estate, it's better to make the gift an inheritance through a revocable trust.
Here's the deal: When we transfer any asset—whether it's a house or a portfolio of stocks—the person who takes possession of it will need to declare a purchase price in order to sell it. This price is what's known as the cost basis, and it's what you use to determine the tax you owe. You pay tax on the difference between the cost basis and the sale price.
If the asset was given to you as a gift, you're out of luck. That's because the IRS says your cost basis is whatever the person giving you the gift paid for the asset, even if they bought if 30 years ago. This is why the husband of the woman on this page, who received stock as a gift from his grandfather, is facing a huge tax burden. If Grandpa paid $30,000 for the stock and it was worth $2 million when he gave it to his grandson, the IRS rules say that the grandson's cost basis is $30,000, not $2 million. When the grandson sells the stock, he owes tax on $1.97 million—the difference between the current price and the cost basis. Ouch!
The far better move would be for Grandpa to put the asset in a revocable living trust that names the grandson as the beneficiary. That means that when Grandpa passes away, the grandson takes possession of the asset. And the grandson's cost basis is the value of the asset on the day his grandpa died. This is what known as a "step up" in the cost basis. The grandson doesn't have to worry about how much was originally paid for the stock. Instead he inherits the assets at a cost basis of $2 million. If he sells the assets for $2 million, he would owe absolutely nothing in tax.
Here's the bottom line: Your family wants to do what's best for you. And you want to do what's best for them. So if they're intent on giving a gift, make it cash. For appreciable assets such as stocks or real estate, it's better to make the gift an inheritance through a revocable trust.
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